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1 textile chemistry
துகில் வேதியியல் -
2 textile chemistry
химическая технология волокнистых материаловБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > textile chemistry
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3 textile chemistry
химическая технология волокнистых материаловАнгло-русский словарь технических терминов > textile chemistry
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4 textile chemistry
1) Техника: химическая технология волокнистых материалов2) Текстиль: химическая технология волокнистых веществ -
5 textile chemistry
<chem.textil> ■ Textilchemie f -
6 textile chemistry
tekstilna kemija -
7 textile chemistry
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8 textile chemistry
Англо-русский словарь текстильной промышленности > textile chemistry
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9 textile chemistry
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10 textile chemistry
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11 textile chemistry
English-Russian dictionary on textile and sewing industry > textile chemistry
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12 Bachelor of Textile Chemistry
Общая лексика: бакалавр текстильной химии (ставится после фамилии)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Bachelor of Textile Chemistry
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13 chemistry
1) химия•-
analytical chemistry
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analytic chemistry
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applied chemistry
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colloid chemistry
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cometary chemistry
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crystal chemistry
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diffusion transfer chemistry
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electroorganic chemistry
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food chemistry
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general chemistry
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inorganic chemistry
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laser chemistry
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low conductivity chemistry
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macromolecular chemistry
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nuclear chemistry
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organic chemistry
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oxygenated neutral chemistry
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photographic chemistry
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physical chemistry
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primary chemistry
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radiation chemistry
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rain chemistry
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reactor chemistry
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rubber chemistry
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steam cycle chemistry
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textile chemistry
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water chemistry -
14 Berthollet, Claude-Louis
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 9 November 1748 Talloise, near Lake Annecy, Franced. 6 November 1822 Arceuil, France[br]French chemist who made important innovations in textile chemistry.[br]Berthollet qualified as a medical doctor and pursued chemical researches, notably into "muriatic acid" (chlorine), then recently discovered by Scheele. He was one of the first chemists to embrace the new system of chemistry advanced by Lavoisier. Berthollet held several official appointments, among them inspector of dye works (from 1784) and Director of the Manufacture Nationale des Gobelins. These appointments enabled him to continue his researches and embark on a series of publications on the practical applications of chlorine, prussic acid (hydrocyanic acid) and ammonia. He clearly demonstrated the benefits of the French practice of appointing scientists to the state manufactories.There were two practical results of Berthollet's studies of chlorine. First, he produced a powerful explosive by substituting potassium chlorate, formed by the action of chlorine on potash, in place of nitre (potassium nitrate) in gunpowder. Then, mainly from humanitarian motives, he followed up Scheele's observation of the bleaching properties of chlorine water, in order to release for cultivation the considerable areas of land that had hitherto been required by the old bleaching process. The chlorine method greatly speeded up bleaching; this was a vital factor in the revolution in the textile industries.After a visit to Egypt in 1799, Berthollet carried out many experiments on dyeing, seeking to place this ancient craft onto a scientific basis. His work is summed up in his Eléments de l'art de la teinture, Paris, 1791.[br]Bibliography1791, Eléments de Van de la teinture, Paris (covers his work on dyeing).Berthollet published two books of importance in the early history of physical chemistry: 1801, Recherches sur les lois de l'affinité, Paris.1803, Essai de statique chimique, Paris.Annales de Chimie.Further ReadingE.F.Jomard, 1844, Notice sur la vie et les ouvrages de Claude-Louis Berthollet, Annecy.E.Farber, 1961, Great Chemists, New York: Interscience, pp. 32–4 (includes a short biographical account).LRDBiographical history of technology > Berthollet, Claude-Louis
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15 Mercer, John
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 21 February 1791 Great Harwood, Lancashire, Englandd. 30 November 1866 Oakenshaw, Lancashire, England[br]English pioneer in textile chemistry.[br]Mercer began work at the age of 9 as a bobbinwinder and then a hand-loom weaver. He had no formal education in chemistry but taught himself and revealed remarkable ability in both theoretical and applied aspects of the subject. He became the acknowledged "father of textile chemistry" and the Royal Society elected him Fellow in 1850. His name is remembered in connection with the lustrous "mercerized" cotton which, although not developed commercially until 1890, arose from his discovery, c. 1844, of the effect of caustic soda on cotton linters. He also discovered that cotton could be dissolved in a solution of copper oxide in ammonia, a phenomenon later exploited in the manufacture of artificial silk. As a youth, Mercer experimented at home with dyeing processes and soon acquired sufficient skill to set up as an independent dyer. Most of his working life was, however, spent with the calico-printing firm of Oakenshaw Print Works in which he eventually became a partner, and it was there that most of his experimental work was done. The association was a very appropriate one, for it was a member of this firm's staff who first recognized Mercer's potential talent and took the trouble in his spare time to teach him reading, writing and arithmetic. Mercer developed manganese-bronze colours and researched into catalysis and the ferrocyanides. Among his innovations was the chlorination of wool in order to make it print as easily as cotton. It was many years later that it was realized that this treatment also conferred valuable shrink-resisting qualities. Becoming interested in photochemistry, he devised processes for photographic printing on fabric. Queen Victoria was presented with a handkerchief printed in this way when she visited the Great Exhibition of 1851, of which Mercer was a juror. A photograph of Mercer himself on cloth is preserved in the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester. He presented papers to the British Association and was a member of the Chemical Society.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1850.Further ReadingObituary, Manchester Memoirs, Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society.Dictionary of National Biography.E.A.Parnell, 1886. The Life and Labours of John Mercer, F.R.S., London (biography). 1867, biography, Journal of the Chemical Society.A.E.Musson and E.Robinson, 1969, Science and Technology in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (includes a brief reference to Mercer's work).RLH -
16 BTC
1) Авиация: bus tie contactor2) Военный термин: Best Technical Course, Biochemical Test Coordinator, Boiler Technician Chief, basic technical course, buried trench concept4) Религия: Burn This Church5) Железнодорожный термин: Birmingham Terminal6) Финансы: Business Transaction Code, Код бизнес-операции7) Грубое выражение: Between The Cheeks, Big Thick Canadian, Bobby The Cunt8) Металлургия: black threaded and coupled (черная труба с резьбой и муфтой)9) Сокращение: Bachelor of Textile Chemistry, Basic Training Center, British Textile Confederation, Building Trades Council10) Университет: Bates Technical College11) Физиология: Bovine Tracheal Cartilage12) Школьное выражение: Belmont Technical College13) Вычислительная техника: Branch Target Cache, Biting The Carpet (DFUE-Slang, Usenet)14) Нефть: Baku Ceyhan pipeline, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan15) Иммунология: Biologically Targeted Coherent, Blood Transfusion Centre16) Фирменный знак: Badger Truck Center, Beverage Trading Company17) Бурение: buttress-threaded connection18) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan project, buttress connection19) Менеджмент: budget to completion20) ЕБРР: business training centre21) Полимеры: benzene tetrachloride22) Программирование: Bit Test Complement23) Расширение файла: Bit Test and Complement24) Чат: Better Type Carefully -
17 Whinfield, John Rex
[br]b. 16 February 1901 Sutton, Surrey, Englandd. 6 July 1955 Dorking, Surrey, England[br]English inventor ofTerylene.[br]Whinfield was educated at Merchant Taylors' School and Caius College, Cambridge, where he studied chemistry. Before embarking on his career as a research chemist, he worked as an un-paid assistant to the chemist C.F. Cross, who had taken part in the discovery of rayon. Whinfield then joined the Calico Printers' Association. There his interest was aroused by the discovery of nylon by W.H. Carothers to seek other polymers which could be produced in fibre form, usable by the textile industries. With his colleague J.T. Dickson, he discovered in 1941 that a polymerized condensate of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, polyethylene terephthgal-late, could be drawn into strong fibres. Whinfield and Dickson filed a patent application in the same year, but due to war conditions it was not published until 1946. The Ministry of Supply considered that the new material might have military applications and undertook further research and development. Its industrial and textile possibilities were evaluated by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) in 1943 and "Terylene", as it came to be called, was soon recognized as being as important as nylon.In 1946, Dupont acquired rights to work the Calico Printers' Association patent in the USA and began large-scale manufacture in 1954, marketing the product under the name "Dacron". Meanwhile ICI purchased world rights except for the USA and reached the large-scale manufacture stage in 1955. A new branch of the textile industry has grown up from Whinfield's discovery: he lived to see most people in the western world wearing something made of Terylene. It was one of the major inventions of the twentieth century, yet Whinfield, perhaps because he published little, received scant recognition, apart from the CBE in 1954.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsCBE 1954.Further ReadingObituary, 1966, The Times (7 July).Obituary, 1967, Chemistry in Britain 3:26.J.Jewkes, D.Sawers and R.Stillerman, 1969, The Sources of Invention, 2nd edn, London: Macmillan.LRD -
18 orientation
Iதகவல், நடத்தை, செயல்IIவச அமைப்பு, திசைப்படுத்தல்வச அமைப்பு, திசைப்படுத்தல், ஆற்றுப்படுத்தல்¢IVசார்நிலைVசார்நிலைத்துணிபுVIஇருப்பு வசம், அமைப்பு வசம்திசைகோட்சேர்க்கைதிசை முகம்IXவச அமைவுXதிசைப்போக்குXIதிசை அமைவு, வச அமைவுஆற்றுப்படுத்தும் பயிற்சிஇடம் திசை உணர்வுGenetics & Cytologyதிசைகோட்சேர்க்கைXVஒருங்கமைதல்வச அமைப்புதிசையமைவுதிசைகோட்சேர்க்கைதகவல்XXநடத்தைசெயல் -
19 pigment
Iநிறம்(வர்ணம்) கொடுக்கும் வஸ்துIIநிறப்பொருள்நிறம்வழங்கிIVவண்ணப்பொருள், நிறப்பொருள்Vநிறம்வழங்கிVIநிறப்பொருள்நிறமிநிறமிIXநிறப்பசைXநிறம்வழங்கிXIநிறச் சத்து, நிறமிநிறப்பசைவண்ணம்Physiology & Hygieneநிறப்பொருள்XVஉடல் நிறமி, தோல் நிறமிநிறப்பொருள்நிறமிநிறமிநிறமிXXநிறமிநிறமிநிறமிநிறம்வழங்கிநிறமிநிறப்பூச்சு -
20 enzyme
IநொதிIIநொதிநொதிச்சத்துIVஎன்சைம், நொதிVசெரிநொதி, செரிமானப்பொருள், என்சைம்VIநொதிச்சத்துஎன்சைம், நொதிநொதிIXPhysiology & Hygieneநொதிச்சத்துXநொதிப்பி, உயிர்வினயூக்கிXIGenetics & Cytologyநொதியம்நொதிநீர்நொதியம்நொதிXVநொதிநொதி, நொதிப்பொருள்நொதியம்
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